HTTP POST 웹 요청을 만드는 방법

HTTP POST 웹 요청을 만드는 방법

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Canonical
HTTP 요청을 만들고 메서드를 사용하여 일부 데이터를 보내려면 어떻게 POST 해야합니까?

GET요청을 할 수는 있지만 POST.

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HTTP GET및 POST요청 을 수행하는 방법에는 여러 가지가 있습니다 .

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방법 A : HttpClient (선호)

이것은 주위의 래퍼 HttpWebRequest입니다. 와 비교하십시오WebClient .

가능 : .NET Framework 4.5+, .NET Standard 1.1+, .NET Core 1.0+.

현재 선호되는 접근 방식입니다. 비동기. NuGet을 통해 사용할 수있는 다른 플랫폼 용 휴대용 버전입니다 .

using System.Net.Http;

설정

그것은되는 추천 인스턴스화 하나에 HttpClient응용 프로그램의 수명과 공유 그것을 위해.

private static readonly HttpClient client = new HttpClient();

HttpClientFactory종속성 주입 솔루션을 참조하십시오 .

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• POST

  var values = new Dictionary<string, string>
  {
  { "thing1", "hello" },
  { "thing2", "world" }
  };
  
  var content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(values);
  
  var response = await client.PostAsync("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx", content);
  
  var responseString = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
  

• GET

  var responseString = await client.GetStringAsync("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx");
  

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방법 B : 타사 라이브러리

• RestSharp

  REST API와 상호 작용하기 위해 검증 된 라이브러리입니다. 가지고 다닐 수 있는. NuGet을 통해 사용할 수 있습니다.

• Flurl.Http

  유창한 API와 테스트 도우미를 자랑하는 최신 라이브러리. 내부의 HttpClient. 가지고 다닐 수 있는. NuGet을 통해 사용할 수 있습니다.

  using Flurl.Http;
  

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• POST

  var responseString = await "http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx"
      .PostUrlEncodedAsync(new { thing1 = "hello", thing2 = "world" })
      .ReceiveString();
  

• GET

  var responseString = await "http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx"
      .GetStringAsync();
  

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방법 C : HttpWebRequest (신규 작업에는 권장되지 않음)

가능 : .NET Framework 1.1+, .NET Standard 2.0+,.NET Core 1.0+

using System.Net;
using System.Text;  // for class Encoding
using System.IO;    // for StreamReader

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• POST

  var request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx");
  
  var postData = "thing1=" + Uri.EscapeDataString("hello");
      postData += "&thing2=" + Uri.EscapeDataString("world");
  var data = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(postData);
  
  request.Method = "POST";
  request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
  request.ContentLength = data.Length;
  
  using (var stream = request.GetRequestStream())
  {
      stream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
  }
  
  var response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
  
  var responseString = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()).ReadToEnd();
  

• GET

  var request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx");
  
  var response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
  
  var responseString = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()).ReadToEnd();
  

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방법 D : WebClient (신규 작업에는 권장되지 않음)

이것은 주위의 래퍼 HttpWebRequest입니다. 와 비교하십시오HttpClient .

가능 : .NET Framework 1.1+, NET Standard 2.0+,.NET Core 2.0+

using System.Net;
using System.Collections.Specialized;

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• POST

  using (var client = new WebClient())
  {
      var values = new NameValueCollection();
      values["thing1"] = "hello";
      values["thing2"] = "world";
  
      var response = client.UploadValues("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx", values);
  
      var responseString = Encoding.Default.GetString(response);
  }
  

• GET

  using (var client = new WebClient())
  {
      var responseString = client.DownloadString("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx");
  }
  

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간단한 GET 요청

using System.Net;

...

using (var wb = new WebClient())
{
    var response = wb.DownloadString(url);
}

간단한 POST 요청

using System.Net;
using System.Collections.Specialized;

...

using (var wb = new WebClient())
{
    var data = new NameValueCollection();
    data["username"] = "myUser";
    data["password"] = "myPassword";

    var response = wb.UploadValues(url, "POST", data);
    string responseInString = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(response);
}

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MSDN 에는 샘플이 있습니다.

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;

namespace Examples.System.Net
{
    public class WebRequestPostExample
    {
        public static void Main()
        {
            // Create a request using a URL that can receive a post. 
            WebRequest request = WebRequest.Create("http://www.contoso.com/PostAccepter.aspx");
            // Set the Method property of the request to POST.
            request.Method = "POST";
            // Create POST data and convert it to a byte array.
            string postData = "This is a test that posts this string to a Web server.";
            byte[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postData);
            // Set the ContentType property of the WebRequest.
            request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
            // Set the ContentLength property of the WebRequest.
            request.ContentLength = byteArray.Length;
            // Get the request stream.
            Stream dataStream = request.GetRequestStream();
            // Write the data to the request stream.
            dataStream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length);
            // Close the Stream object.
            dataStream.Close();
            // Get the response.
            WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
            // Display the status.
            Console.WriteLine(((HttpWebResponse)response).StatusDescription);
            // Get the stream containing content returned by the server.
            dataStream = response.GetResponseStream();
            // Open the stream using a StreamReader for easy access.
            StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(dataStream);
            // Read the content.
            string responseFromServer = reader.ReadToEnd();
            // Display the content.
            Console.WriteLine(responseFromServer);
            // Clean up the streams.
            reader.Close();
            dataStream.Close();
            response.Close();
        }
    }
}

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이것은 JSON 형식으로 데이터를 송수신하는 완전한 작업 예이며 VS2013 Express Edition을 사용했습니다.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.OleDb;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Web.Script.Serialization;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    class Customer
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string Address { get; set; }
        public string Phone { get; set; }
    }

    public class Program
    {
        private static readonly HttpClient _Client = new HttpClient();
        private static JavaScriptSerializer _Serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Run().Wait();
        }

        static async Task Run()
        {
            string url = "http://www.example.com/api/Customer";
            Customer cust = new Customer() { Name = "Example Customer", Address = "Some example address", Phone = "Some phone number" };
            var json = _Serializer.Serialize(cust);
            var response = await Request(HttpMethod.Post, url, json, new Dictionary<string, string>());
            string responseText = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

            List<YourCustomClassModel> serializedResult = _Serializer.Deserialize<List<YourCustomClassModel>>(responseText);

            Console.WriteLine(responseText);
            Console.ReadLine();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Makes an async HTTP Request
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="pMethod">Those methods you know: GET, POST, HEAD, etc...</param>
        /// <param name="pUrl">Very predictable...</param>
        /// <param name="pJsonContent">String data to POST on the server</param>
        /// <param name="pHeaders">If you use some kind of Authorization you should use this</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        static async Task<HttpResponseMessage> Request(HttpMethod pMethod, string pUrl, string pJsonContent, Dictionary<string, string> pHeaders)
        {
            var httpRequestMessage = new HttpRequestMessage();
            httpRequestMessage.Method = pMethod;
            httpRequestMessage.RequestUri = new Uri(pUrl);
            foreach (var head in pHeaders)
            {
                httpRequestMessage.Headers.Add(head.Key, head.Value);
            }
            switch (pMethod.Method)
            {
                case "POST":
                    HttpContent httpContent = new StringContent(pJsonContent, Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");
                    httpRequestMessage.Content = httpContent;
                    break;

            }

            return await _Client.SendAsync(httpRequestMessage);
        }
    }
}

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There are some really good answers on here. Let me post a different way to set your headers with the WebClient(). I will also show you how to set an API key.

        var client = new WebClient();
        string credentials = Convert.ToBase64String(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(userName + ":" + passWord));
        client.Headers[HttpRequestHeader.Authorization] = $"Basic {credentials}";
        //If you have your data stored in an object serialize it into json to pass to the webclient with Newtonsoft's JsonConvert
        var encodedJson = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(newAccount);

        client.Headers.Add($"x-api-key:{ApiKey}");
        client.Headers.Add("Content-Type:application/json");
        try
        {
            var response = client.UploadString($"{apiurl}", encodedJson);
            //if you have a model to deserialize the json into Newtonsoft will help bind the data to the model, this is an extremely useful trick for GET calls when you have a lot of data, you can strongly type a model and dump it into an instance of that class.
            Response response1 = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Response>(response);

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Simple (one-liner, no error checking, no wait for response) solution i've found so far

(new WebClient()).UploadStringAsync(new Uri(Address), dataString);‏

use with caution!

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This solution uses nothing but standard .NET calls.

Tested:

• In use in an enterprise WPF application. Uses async/await to avoid blocking the UI.
• Compatible with .NET 4.5+.
• Tested with no parameters (requires a "GET" behind the scenes).
• Tested with parameters (requires a "POST" behind the scenes).
• Tested with a standard web page such as Google.
• Tested with an internal Java-based webservice.

Reference:

// Add a Reference to the assembly System.Web

Code:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.Specialized;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Web;

private async Task<WebResponse> CallUri(string url, TimeSpan timeout)
{
    var uri = new Uri(url);
    NameValueCollection rawParameters = HttpUtility.ParseQueryString(uri.Query);
    var parameters = new Dictionary<string, string>();
    foreach (string p in rawParameters.Keys)
    {
        parameters[p] = rawParameters[p];
    }

    var client = new HttpClient { Timeout = timeout };
    HttpResponseMessage response;
    if (parameters.Count == 0)
    {
        response = await client.GetAsync(url);
    }
    else
    {
        var content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(parameters);
        string urlMinusParameters = uri.OriginalString.Split('?')[0]; // Parameters always follow the '?' symbol.
        response = await client.PostAsync(urlMinusParameters, content);
    }
    var responseString = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

    return new WebResponse(response.StatusCode, responseString);
}

private class WebResponse
{
    public WebResponse(HttpStatusCode httpStatusCode, string response)
    {
        this.HttpStatusCode = httpStatusCode;
        this.Response = response;
    }
    public HttpStatusCode HttpStatusCode { get; }
    public string Response { get; }
}

To call with no parameters (uses a "GET" behind the scenes):

 var timeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(300);
 WebResponse response = await this.CallUri("http://www.google.com/", timeout);
 if (response.HttpStatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK)
 {
     Console.Write(response.Response); // Print HTML.
 }

To call with parameters (uses a "POST" behind the scenes):

 var timeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(300);
 WebResponse response = await this.CallUri("http://example.com/path/to/page?name=ferret&color=purple", timeout);
 if (response.HttpStatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK)
 {
     Console.Write(response.Response); // Print HTML.
 }

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When using Windows.Web.Http namespace, for POST instead of FormUrlEncodedContent we write HttpFormUrlEncodedContent. Also the response is type of HttpResponseMessage. The rest is as Evan Mulawski wrote down.

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You can use IEnterprise.Easy-HTTP since it has built in class parsing and query building:

await new RequestBuilder<ExampleObject>()
.SetHost("https://httpbin.org")
.SetContentType(ContentType.Application_Json)
.SetType(RequestType.Post)
.SetModelToSerialize(dto)
.Build()
.Execute();

I'm the author of the library so feel free to ask questions or check the code in github

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If you like fluent API you can use Tiny.RestClient. It's available at Nuget

var client = new TinyRestClient(new HttpClient(), "http://MyAPI.com/api");
// POST
var city = new City() { Name = "Paris", Country = "France" };
// With content
var response = await client.PostRequest("City", city)
                           .ExecuteAsync<bool>();

Hope that helps!

참고URL : https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4015324/how-to-make-http-post-web-request